#
# This file is licensed under the Affero General Public License (AGPL) version 3.
#
# Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
# Copyright 2015, 2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright (C) 2023 New Vector, Ltd
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details:
# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html>.
#
# Originally licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0:
# <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>.
#
# [This file includes modifications made by New Vector Limited]
#
#
import logging
import urllib.parse
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Iterable,
    Mapping,
    Sequence,
    TypeVar,
)

from prometheus_client import Counter
from typing_extensions import ParamSpec, TypeGuard

from synapse.api.constants import ThirdPartyEntityKind
from synapse.api.errors import CodeMessageException, HttpResponseException
from synapse.appservice import (
    ApplicationService,
    TransactionOneTimeKeysCount,
    TransactionUnusedFallbackKeys,
)
from synapse.events import EventBase
from synapse.events.utils import FilteredEvent
from synapse.http.client import SimpleHttpClient, is_unknown_endpoint
from synapse.logging import opentracing
from synapse.metrics import SERVER_NAME_LABEL
from synapse.types import DeviceListUpdates, JsonDict, JsonMapping, ThirdPartyInstanceID
from synapse.util.caches.response_cache import ResponseCache
from synapse.util.duration import Duration

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from synapse.server import HomeServer

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

sent_transactions_counter = Counter(
    "synapse_appservice_api_sent_transactions",
    "Number of /transactions/ requests sent",
    labelnames=["service", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
)

failed_transactions_counter = Counter(
    "synapse_appservice_api_failed_transactions",
    "Number of /transactions/ requests that failed to send",
    labelnames=["service", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
)

sent_events_counter = Counter(
    "synapse_appservice_api_sent_events",
    "Number of events sent to the AS",
    labelnames=["service", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
)

sent_ephemeral_counter = Counter(
    "synapse_appservice_api_sent_ephemeral",
    "Number of ephemeral events sent to the AS",
    labelnames=["service", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
)

sent_todevice_counter = Counter(
    "synapse_appservice_api_sent_todevice",
    "Number of todevice messages sent to the AS",
    labelnames=["service", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
)

HOUR_IN_MS = 60 * 60 * 1000

APP_SERVICE_PREFIX = "/_matrix/app/v1"

P = ParamSpec("P")
R = TypeVar("R")


def _is_valid_3pe_metadata(info: JsonDict) -> bool:
    if "instances" not in info:
        return False
    if not isinstance(info["instances"], list):
        return False
    return True


def _is_valid_3pe_result(r: object, field: str) -> TypeGuard[JsonDict]:
    if not isinstance(r, dict):
        return False

    for k in (field, "protocol"):
        if k not in r:
            return False
        if not isinstance(r[k], str):
            return False

    if "fields" not in r:
        return False
    fields = r["fields"]
    if not isinstance(fields, dict):
        return False

    return True


class ApplicationServiceApi(SimpleHttpClient):
    """This class manages HS -> AS communications, including querying and
    pushing.
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)
        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.config = hs.config.appservice
        self._event_serializer = hs.get_event_client_serializer()

        self.protocol_meta_cache: ResponseCache[tuple[str, str]] = ResponseCache(
            clock=hs.get_clock(),
            name="as_protocol_meta",
            server_name=self.server_name,
            timeout=Duration(hours=1),
        )

    def _get_headers(self, service: "ApplicationService") -> dict[bytes, list[bytes]]:
        """This makes sure we have always the auth header and opentracing headers set."""

        # This is also ensured before in the functions. However this is needed to please
        # the typechecks.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        headers = {b"Authorization": [b"Bearer " + service.hs_token.encode("ascii")]}
        opentracing.inject_header_dict(headers, check_destination=False)
        return headers

    async def query_user(self, service: "ApplicationService", user_id: str) -> bool:
        if service.url is None:
            return False

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        try:
            args = None
            if self.config.use_appservice_legacy_authorization:
                args = {"access_token": service.hs_token}

            response = await self.get_json(
                f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/users/{urllib.parse.quote(user_id)}",
                args,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
            if response is not None:  # just an empty json object
                return True
        except CodeMessageException as e:
            if e.code == 404:
                return False
            logger.warning("query_user to %s received %s", service.url, e.code)
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning("query_user to %s threw exception %s", service.url, ex)
        return False

    async def query_alias(self, service: "ApplicationService", alias: str) -> bool:
        if service.url is None:
            return False

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        try:
            args = None
            if self.config.use_appservice_legacy_authorization:
                args = {"access_token": service.hs_token}

            response = await self.get_json(
                f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/rooms/{urllib.parse.quote(alias)}",
                args,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
            if response is not None:  # just an empty json object
                return True
        except CodeMessageException as e:
            logger.warning("query_alias to %s received %s", service.url, e.code)
            if e.code == 404:
                return False
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning("query_alias to %s threw exception %s", service.url, ex)
        return False

    async def query_3pe(
        self,
        service: "ApplicationService",
        kind: str,
        protocol: str,
        fields: dict[bytes, list[bytes]],
    ) -> list[JsonDict]:
        if kind == ThirdPartyEntityKind.USER:
            required_field = "userid"
        elif kind == ThirdPartyEntityKind.LOCATION:
            required_field = "alias"
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unrecognised 'kind' argument %r to query_3pe()", kind)
        if service.url is None:
            return []

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        try:
            args: Mapping[bytes, list[bytes] | str] = fields
            if self.config.use_appservice_legacy_authorization:
                args = {
                    **fields,
                    b"access_token": service.hs_token,
                }

            response = await self.get_json(
                f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/thirdparty/{kind}/{urllib.parse.quote(protocol)}",
                args=args,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
            if not isinstance(response, list):
                logger.warning(
                    "query_3pe to %s returned an invalid response %r",
                    service.url,
                    response,
                )
                return []

            ret = []
            for r in response:
                if _is_valid_3pe_result(r, field=required_field):
                    ret.append(r)
                else:
                    logger.warning(
                        "query_3pe to %s returned an invalid result %r", service.url, r
                    )

            return ret
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning("query_3pe to %s threw exception %s", service.url, ex)
            return []

    async def get_3pe_protocol(
        self, service: "ApplicationService", protocol: str
    ) -> JsonDict | None:
        if service.url is None:
            return {}

        async def _get() -> JsonDict | None:
            # This is required by the configuration.
            assert service.hs_token is not None
            try:
                args = None
                if self.config.use_appservice_legacy_authorization:
                    args = {"access_token": service.hs_token}

                info = await self.get_json(
                    f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/thirdparty/protocol/{urllib.parse.quote(protocol)}",
                    args,
                    headers=self._get_headers(service),
                )

                if not _is_valid_3pe_metadata(info):
                    logger.warning(
                        "query_3pe_protocol to %s did not return a valid result",
                        service.url,
                    )
                    return None

                for instance in info.get("instances", []):
                    network_id = instance.get("network_id", None)
                    if network_id is not None:
                        instance["instance_id"] = ThirdPartyInstanceID(
                            service.id, network_id
                        ).to_string()

                return info
            except Exception as ex:
                logger.warning(
                    "query_3pe_protocol to %s threw exception %s", service.url, ex
                )
                return None

        key = (service.id, protocol)
        return await self.protocol_meta_cache.wrap(key, _get)

    async def ping(self, service: "ApplicationService", txn_id: str | None) -> None:
        # The caller should check that url is set
        assert service.url is not None, "ping called without URL being set"

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        await self.post_json_get_json(
            uri=f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/ping",
            post_json={"transaction_id": txn_id},
            headers=self._get_headers(service),
        )

    async def push_bulk(
        self,
        service: "ApplicationService",
        events: Sequence[EventBase],
        ephemeral: list[JsonMapping],
        to_device_messages: list[JsonMapping],
        one_time_keys_count: TransactionOneTimeKeysCount,
        unused_fallback_keys: TransactionUnusedFallbackKeys,
        device_list_summary: DeviceListUpdates,
        txn_id: int | None = None,
    ) -> bool:
        """
        Push data to an application service.

        Args:
            service: The application service to send to.
            events: The persistent events to send.
            ephemeral: The ephemeral events to send.
            to_device_messages: The to-device messages to send.
            txn_id: An unique ID to assign to this transaction. Application services should
                deduplicate transactions received with identitical IDs.

        Returns:
            True if the task succeeded, False if it failed.
        """
        if service.url is None:
            return True

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        serialized_events = await self._serialize(service, events)

        if txn_id is None:
            logger.warning(
                "push_bulk: Missing txn ID sending events to %s", service.url
            )
            txn_id = 0

        # Never send ephemeral events to appservices that do not support it
        body: JsonDict = {"events": serialized_events}
        if service.supports_ephemeral:
            body.update(
                {
                    "ephemeral": ephemeral,
                }
            )
        if service.supports_unstable_ephemeral:
            body.update(
                {
                    "de.sorunome.msc2409.ephemeral": ephemeral,
                }
            )
        if service.supports_ephemeral or service.supports_unstable_ephemeral:
            body.update(
                {
                    # TODO: Update to stable prefixes once MSC4203 completes FCP merge.
                    #  Previously, this was part of MSC2409 which is why it has the
                    #  mismatched unstable identifier
                    "de.sorunome.msc2409.to_device": to_device_messages,
                }
            )

        # TODO: Update to stable prefixes once MSC3202 completes FCP merge
        if service.msc3202_transaction_extensions:
            if one_time_keys_count:
                body["org.matrix.msc3202.device_one_time_key_counts"] = (
                    one_time_keys_count
                )
                body["org.matrix.msc3202.device_one_time_keys_count"] = (
                    one_time_keys_count
                )
            if unused_fallback_keys:
                body["org.matrix.msc3202.device_unused_fallback_key_types"] = (
                    unused_fallback_keys
                )
            if device_list_summary:
                body["org.matrix.msc3202.device_lists"] = {
                    "changed": list(device_list_summary.changed),
                    "left": list(device_list_summary.left),
                }

        labels = {"service": service.id, SERVER_NAME_LABEL: self.server_name}
        try:
            args = None
            if self.config.use_appservice_legacy_authorization:
                args = {"access_token": service.hs_token}

            await self.put_json(
                f"{service.url}{APP_SERVICE_PREFIX}/transactions/{urllib.parse.quote(str(txn_id))}",
                json_body=body,
                args=args,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
            if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
                logger.debug(
                    "push_bulk to %s succeeded! events=%s",
                    service.url,
                    [event.get("event_id") for event in events],
                )
            sent_transactions_counter.labels(**labels).inc()
            sent_events_counter.labels(**labels).inc(len(serialized_events))
            sent_ephemeral_counter.labels(**labels).inc(len(ephemeral))
            sent_todevice_counter.labels(**labels).inc(len(to_device_messages))
            return True
        except CodeMessageException as e:
            logger.warning(
                "push_bulk to %s received code=%s msg=%s",
                service.url,
                e.code,
                e.msg,
                exc_info=logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG),
            )
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning(
                "push_bulk to %s threw exception(%s) %s args=%s",
                service.url,
                type(ex).__name__,
                ex,
                ex.args,
                exc_info=logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG),
            )
        failed_transactions_counter.labels(**labels).inc()
        return False

    async def claim_client_keys(
        self, service: "ApplicationService", query: list[tuple[str, str, str, int]]
    ) -> tuple[
        dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, JsonDict]]], list[tuple[str, str, str, int]]
    ]:
        """Claim one time keys from an application service.

        Note that any error (including a timeout) is treated as the application
        service having no information.

        Args:
            service: The application service to query.
            query: An iterable of tuples of (user ID, device ID, algorithm).

        Returns:
            A tuple of:
                A map of user ID -> a map device ID -> a map of key ID -> JSON dict.

                A copy of the input which has not been fulfilled because the
                appservice doesn't support this endpoint or has not returned
                data for that tuple.
        """
        if service.url is None:
            return {}, query

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        # Create the expected payload shape.
        body: dict[str, dict[str, list[str]]] = {}
        for user_id, device, algorithm, count in query:
            body.setdefault(user_id, {}).setdefault(device, []).extend(
                [algorithm] * count
            )

        uri = f"{service.url}/_matrix/app/unstable/org.matrix.msc3983/keys/claim"
        try:
            response = await self.post_json_get_json(
                uri,
                body,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
        except HttpResponseException as e:
            # The appservice doesn't support this endpoint.
            if is_unknown_endpoint(e):
                return {}, query
            logger.warning("claim_keys to %s received %s", uri, e.code)
            return {}, query
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning("claim_keys to %s threw exception %s", uri, ex)
            return {}, query

        # Check if the appservice fulfilled all of the queried user/device/algorithms
        # or if some are still missing.
        #
        # TODO This places a lot of faith in the response shape being correct.
        missing = []
        for user_id, device, algorithm, count in query:
            # Count the number of keys in the response for this algorithm by
            # checking which key IDs start with the algorithm. This uses that
            # True == 1 in Python to generate a count.
            response_count = sum(
                key_id.startswith(f"{algorithm}:")
                for key_id in response.get(user_id, {}).get(device, {})
            )
            count -= response_count
            # If the appservice responds with fewer keys than requested, then
            # consider the request unfulfilled.
            if count > 0:
                missing.append((user_id, device, algorithm, count))

        return response, missing

    async def query_keys(
        self, service: "ApplicationService", query: dict[str, list[str]]
    ) -> dict[str, dict[str, dict[str, JsonDict]]]:
        """Query the application service for keys.

        Note that any error (including a timeout) is treated as the application
        service having no information.

        Args:
            service: The application service to query.
            query: An iterable of tuples of (user ID, device ID, algorithm).

        Returns:
            A map of device_keys/master_keys/self_signing_keys/user_signing_keys:

            device_keys is a map of user ID -> a map device ID -> device info.
        """
        if service.url is None:
            return {}

        # This is required by the configuration.
        assert service.hs_token is not None

        uri = f"{service.url}/_matrix/app/unstable/org.matrix.msc3984/keys/query"
        try:
            response = await self.post_json_get_json(
                uri,
                query,
                headers=self._get_headers(service),
            )
        except HttpResponseException as e:
            # The appservice doesn't support this endpoint.
            if is_unknown_endpoint(e):
                return {}
            logger.warning("query_keys to %s received %s", uri, e.code)
            return {}
        except Exception as ex:
            logger.warning("query_keys to %s threw exception %s", uri, ex)
            return {}

        return response

    async def _serialize(
        self, service: "ApplicationService", events: Iterable[EventBase]
    ) -> list[JsonDict]:
        time_now = self.clock.time_msec()
        return await self._event_serializer.serialize_events(
            [FilteredEvent(event=e, membership=None) for e in events],
            time_now,
            config=await self._event_serializer.create_config(
                as_client_event=True,
                # If this is an invite or a knock membership event, then include
                # any stripped state alongside the event. We could narrow this
                # down to only users the appservice is "interested in", however
                # it's not worth the complexity of doing so, and it's simpler to
                # just include it for all users.
                include_stripped_room_state=True,
                # Appservices are considered 'trusted' by the admin and should have
                # applicable metadata on their events.
                include_admin_metadata=True,
            ),
        )
